A Private Limited Company is incorporated under the Companies Act, 2013 and has a legal identity separate from its shareholders and directors. The company can own property, enter into contracts, open bank accounts and hire employees in its own name. Shareholder liability is generally limited to unpaid share capital. This structure is commonly selected by startups planning to add shareholders, raise investment or work with larger clients.
Who Should Choose This Structure
Startups with two or more founders
Businesses planning to raise equity investment
Technology, e-commerce and service companies
Manufacturing and trading businesses
Businesses that want a separate legal identity
Companies planning structured ownership through shares
Founders expecting long-term expansion
When This May Not Be Suitable
Very small low-risk businesses wanting minimal compliance
Solo founders who may be better suited to OPC
Professional partnerships preferring flexible profit sharing
Promoters not prepared to maintain annual filings
Key Features & Benefits
Separate Legal Identity
Company assets, contracts and obligations are legally distinct from shareholders and directors.
Limited Liability
Shareholders generally liable only to extent of unpaid share capital.
Perpetual Succession
Company continues even when shareholders or directors change.
Structured Ownership
Ownership through shares makes it easy to document founder and investor rights.
Investment Readiness
Company may issue shares and bring in eligible investors through applicable legal process.
Professional Credibility
Registered company strengthens profile with banks, vendors, corporate clients and investors.
Minimum Requirements
Minimum 2 members / shareholders
Minimum 2 directors
At least 1 director meeting Indian residency requirement
Unique legally acceptable company name
Registered office address in India
Documents Required
PAN card — each director & shareholder
Aadhaar or other accepted identity proof
Recent address proof (utility bill, bank statement)
Understand founders, ownership ratio, capital and future plans — then recommend the right structure.
2
Name Availability Check
Review proposed names for MCA availability and possible trademark conflicts.
3
DSC Arrangement
Digital Signature Certificates arranged for required signatories.
4
Document Preparation
MOA, AOA, subscriber information, business objects and capital details prepared.
5
MCA Filing
Incorporation application submitted through MCA portal with professional certification.
6
Certificate & Delivery
Certificate of Incorporation, CIN, PAN, TAN and all documents delivered.
What You Receive
Name approval support
DSC — if included in package
DIN allotment through incorporation
Certificate of Incorporation
Corporate Identity Number (CIN)
Company PAN and TAN
Memorandum of Association (MOA)
Articles of Association (AOA)
Shareholding and subscriber documentation
Initial registered-office and bank-account guidance
Post-incorporation compliance checklist
Not Included Unless Specifically Agreed
GST registration unless specifically selected
Trademark registration
FSSAI, IEC or other sector licences
Accounting, tax returns and annual ROC filing
Foreign investment or FEMA advisory unless specifically included
Important Post-Registration Compliances
('Can I use my home address as registered office?', "Yes. A residential address may be used when valid address proof and owner's consent are available.")
('Can the same person be both shareholder and director?', 'Yes. A person may act in both roles, subject to eligibility and required disclosures.')
('Is GST included automatically?', 'No. GST is a separate registration depending on business activity and applicable legal conditions.')
('Does registration protect my brand name?', 'No. Company name approval and trademark registration are completely separate. Trademark protection requires a separate application.')
('How long does registration take?', 'Typically 7–10 working days after complete document submission. Timeline depends on MCA processing and clarification requirements.')
('What is the minimum capital required?', 'There is no mandatory minimum paid-up capital for a private limited company under current law. Capital should reflect the genuine commercial needs of the business.')
Frequently Asked Questions
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Important: Registration provides a legal structure, not business success. Government fees, stamp duty and additional charges are separate. Annual compliance, accounting, tax returns and GST are ongoing responsibilities after registration.
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